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Gynostemma pentaphyllum belonged to the Cucurbitaceae family.It was also called theQi-Ye-Dan,licorice stem,Gong-Luo Guo-Di,and etc.It contained saponin,flavonoids,polysaccharides,terpenoids and other chemical compositions.Its pharmacological effects included cholesterol-lowering activity,antitumor activity,hypoglycemic activity,anti-aging and boost immunity.This paper reviewed the research progress on chemical constituents,pharmacological effects and in vivometabolism of gynostemma pentaphyllum,in order to provide a theoretical basis for its further research and development.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare the efficacy and safety between mammotome minimally invasive operation and conventional open excision for benign breast tumor.@*METHODS@#A computer-based online search of Medline, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, VIP, Wanfang, CNKI and Chinese Biological Medicine Database was performed, and conference references were manually searched. With the Cochrane Collaboration Guidelines, all randomized controlled trials comparing mammotome minimally invasive operation and conventional open excision were systematically reviewed. The Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0 software was used for data analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 15 studies involving 5256 patients was included. Meta-analyses showed no significant difference in the size of tumor, postoperative hematomas, ecchymosis, ecchymoma and residual disease between mammotome minimally invasive operation and conventional open excision. Mammotome minimally invasive operation was superior to open excision as to the size of incision, intraoperative blood loss, surgical duration, healing time, size of scar, wound infection and breast deformation.@*CONCLUSION@#Mammotome minimally invasive surgery is an ideal method for benign breast tumor.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Breast Diseases , Pathology , General Surgery , Breast Neoplasms , Pathology , General Surgery , Fibrocystic Breast Disease , Pathology , General Surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Methods , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Ultrasonography, Interventional , VacuumABSTRACT
Objective This study was to explore the inhibitory effect of shRNA-VEGF - C on growth of human colon cancer cell line Lovo in vitro and vivo. Methods Recombinant VEGF-C short hairpin RNA (shRNA) plasmid was constructed and transfected into Lovo cells. The expression of VEGF-C was detected at mRNA and protein levels by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In vivo study, xenograft tumors were established by injecting LOVO cells into nude mice, then shR-NA-VEGF-C were injected into the tumors, the tumor volume and weight and the incidences of lymph node metastasis were detected. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the lymphatic microvessel density of colon cancer tissues. Results After transfection of shRNA-VEGF-C, the mRNA of VEGF-C in Lovo cells were down-regulated. Four weeks after injection, the tumor volume and tumor weight in VEGF-C-shR-NA group were significantly smaller than that in empty plasmid group and NS group [(324. 9 ± 64. 8 ) mm3 vs. (553.5±90. 1)mm3 and (570. 1±85.4)mm3; (3.01 ±0.55)g vs (4.65 ±0.65)g and (4.75 ±0. 75)g]. The incidences of lymph node metastasis (30. 1% ) were significantly inhibited compared with empty plasmid group (50. 2% ) and normal saline group (53. 1% ). In shRNA-VEGF-C group, and microlymphatic density (15.5 ± 6. 90) was also decreased compared with empty plasmid group (24. 18 ±6. 45 ), and normal saline group (29. 59 ± 8. 21 ) ( all P <0. 01 ). Conclusion shRNA-VEGF-C can inhibit the growth of LOVO cells in vitro and vivo. VEGF-C may inhibit the lymph node metastasis of colon cancer by suppressing lymphangiogenesis.
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Objective To explore the feasibility and value of laparoscopic-assisted surgery(LAS) for colorectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 51 cases of LAS for colorectal cancer were reviewed retrospectively.Of them,3 cases were converted to open operation,and in 48 cases LAS for colorectal cancer was completed.Among them,9 cases underwent right hemicolectomy,8 cases left hemicolectomy,14 cases sigmoid resection,9 cases rectal anterior resection,and 6 cases Miles operation.Results No intra-operative deaths occurred. The average operation time was 195(150-320)min with 120(40-300)mL average blood loss.The average number of lymph nodes excised was 8(2-26).The time of bowel function recovery was 20-72h after operation.The average hospital stay after operation was 8(7-10)d.No major intra-operative blood loss nor postoperative complications were observed.The follow-up time was from 3-54months for 45(88.2%) patients.Two cases with Ducke′s C rectal cancer died,one died of liver metastasis 17 months after operation,and the another died of diffuse peritoneal metastasis 19 months after operation.There was no trocar port tumor metastasis and no local tumor recurrence at the small abdominal incision.Conclusions LAS of colorectal cancer is technically feasible and has advantages such as less surgical trauma,less bleeding and quick recovery.It is a mini-invasive,safe and efficient treatment for colorectal cancer.
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Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression plasmid containing human epidermal growth factor(hEGF) gene with signal peptide(SP).Methods After two pairs of primers were designed and synthesized,the cDNA fragment of hEGF and SP genes were amplified from total RNAs. The amplified cDNA fragments were cloned into pGEM-T vector.The expression plasmids were verified by double endonuclease digestion and DNA sequence analysis. Results With RT-PCR using two pairs of primers,two bands(about 90bp and 180bp) were obtained and confirmed as signal peptide and EGF cDNA fragment with electrophoresis analysis and DNA sequencing after cloned into pGEM-T vector.The SP and EGF cDNA fragments were inserted into plasmid pcDNA3.1(+).The bands of 240bp and 5.4kb were obtained and identified as the full length of SP-EGF cDNA fragment by DNA sequence analysis.Conclusion The eukaryotic expression plasmids containing hEGF gene is successfully constructed.
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Objective:To study the significance of detection of lymph node micrometastasis by immunohistochemical method with monoclonal anti-karatin antibody in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods:We examined 331 lymph nodes obtained from 47 colorectal cancer patients who underwent a curative operation and diagosed by using immunohistochemistry SB techniques.Monoclonal mouse anti-keratin antibodies(AE1,AE1/AE3,AE3)were used as the primary reagents to identify tumor cells both in tumor tissues and lymph nodes.Results:A total of 36 micrometastasis among 331 lymph nodes(11 9%) were found.Duke's C staging patients had more lymph nodes metastasis than that in Duke's B staging patients(P
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Objectiv To investigate the expression and clinical significance of CA125 and CA15-3 in human breast cancer. Methods Radioimmunoassay method was used to determine the serum levels of CA125 and CA15-3 in 80 patients with breast carcinoma, 60 patients with benign breast diseases and 80 normal adults. Results The levels of serum CA125 and CA15-3 in patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ breast carcinomas were significantly higher than those in patients with benign breast diseases,normal adults and stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ breast cancer patients (P0.05). Conclusion CA125 and CA15-3 are helpful to diagnose breast cancer, and can serve as a biological marker for monitoring tumor progression and evaluating prognosis in breast cancer.
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Objective:To study the significance of detection o f lymph node micrometastas is by immunohistochemical method with monoclonal anti-karatin antibody in patie nts with colorectal cancer.Methods:We examined 331 lymph nodes obtai ned from 47 colo rectal cancer patients who underwent a curative operation and diagosed by using immunohistochemistry SB techniques.Monoclonal mouse anti-keratin antibodies (AE1,AE1/AE3,AE3)were used as the primary reagents to identify tumor cells both in tumor tissues and lymph nodes.Results:A total of 36 micrometa stasis among 331 lymph nodes(11.9%) were found.Duke's C staging patients had more lymph nodes m etastasis than that in Duke's B staging patients(P＜0.05).Postoperative fol low-up revealed that recurrence rate was high and the latent period of distant metastasis was much shorter in patients with occult mirometastasis th an those without.Conclusions:Even in histologically negative lym ph nodes,there i s a considerable possibility that micrometastasis may exist.The immunohistochemical detection of monoclonal anti-keratin antibody can explica te clinical staging a nd as an indication for colorectal cancer therapy.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between NF-kB activity of pancreatic acinar cells(PAC) and blood inflammatory cytokines ( IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-? and ICAM-1) in rat's ANP. Methods Fourty rats were randomly divided into two groups: ANP model group and contrast group. ANP was induced by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. NF-KB activity in the cell nuclear and IkBa activity in the cell spasm of PAC were measured by EMSA and Western-blot. Inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. Results ANP model's NF-KB activity increased [(31.4?5.7) ?mol/L vs. (8.3?2.4) ?mol/L.(39. 4 ? 6. 4) ?mol/L vs. (10.7 ?2.6) ?mol/L. (33. 8?6.0)?mol/Lvs. (11. 5 ?2. 7) ?mol/L.(25. 7 ?4. 9) ?mol/L vs. (9.4 ?2.6) ?mol/L](P
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Objective To investigate the expression level of RECK-mRNA and MMP-9-mRNA in breast cancer(BC) and fibroadenoma tissues and its significance.Methods The mRNA level of tissues of 39 cases of breast cancer and 14 cases of fibroadenoma was measured by RT-PCR technique and its correlation was analyzed.Results The mRNA level of RECK gene in breast cancer tissues was markedly lower than that in fibroadenoma tissues,while the MMP-9 level was higher in BC tissues.Conclusions RECK is a tumor suppressor gene, the expression in benign and malignant breast tissues is a negative relationship.BECK can inhibit the expression of MMP-9 and thus,inhibit the growth and metastasis of breast cancer.